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Adenoid removal
Definition
Adenoid removal is surgery to remove the adenoid glands, which are located between the nasal airway and the back of the throat (nasopharynx).
The procedure is also called an adenoidectomy. It is frequently done at the same time as a tonsillectomy.
Alternative Names
Adenoidectomy; Removal of adenoid glandsDescription
The procedure is done while the person is under general anesthesia (asleep, no pain).
The surgeon inserts a small instrument into the mouth to hold it open. The adenoid tissue is removed, either by cutting it out or gently burning it (a procedure called cauterization). Bleeding is controlled with packing and cauterization.
Why the Procedure is Performed
Adenoidectomy may be recommended when:
- Enlarged adenoids are blocking the airway, which may be suspected if the child:
- Has trouble breathing through the nose (nasal obstruction)
- Has episodes of not breathing during sleep (sleep apnea)
- Snores a lot
- The child has chronic ear infections that:
- Continue despite antibiotic treatment
- Interfere with education
- Occur 5 or more times in a year
- Occur 3 or more times a year during a 2-year period
Adenoidectomy may also be recommended if a child has chronic or repeated tonsillitis.
The adenoids normally shrink as the child reaches adolescence. Adults rarely need this procedure.
Risks
Risks for any anesthesia are:
- Reactions to medications
- Breathing problems
Risks for any surgery are:
- Bleeding
- Infection
Outlook (Prognosis)
The patient remains in the recovery room after surgery until awake and able to cough, swallow, and breathe easily. Most patients are allowed to go home several hours later.
After the procedure, most children have an easier time breathing through the nose. They also have fewer and milder sore throats and ear infections.
In rare cases, adenoid tissue that has been removed may grow back, but this usually does not cause a problem.
Recovery
Complete recovery takes about 1 week. While healing, the child may have a stuffy nose, nasal drainage, and a sore throat. Soft foods and cool drinks may help relieve throat discomfort.
References
Wetmore RF. Tonsils and adenoids. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 380.
Reviewed By: Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
